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History
of Trans Siberian Railway
Building:
main landmarks.
The beginning of building: May 19 (31), 1891 in area close by Vladivostok
(Kuperovskaya fold), czesarevich Nikolai Alexandrovich, future emperor
Nikolai II attended at the foundation.
Actual beginning of construction was a little earlier in the beginning
of March 1891 when construction of section Miass - Chelyabinsk began.
Coupling of rails all along Great Siberian Way took place on October
21 (November 3), 1901 when builders of Chinese Eastern line who
lead rail-track from west and east met together. But regular rail
traffic along the railway didn't begin then.
Regular communication by railway between St-Petersburg, the capital
of the empire and Pacific ocean Russian ports Vladivostok and Dalni
was established in July 1903 when Chinese Eastern line passing through
Manchuriabegan the regular operation. In the short section at the
lake Baikal the trains went by ferry.
Continous rail-track between St-Petersburg and Vladivostok appeared
after the work of Circum-Baikal railway started on September 18
(October 1), 1904 and one year later on October 16 (29), 1905 Circum-Baikal
railway became a section of Great Siberian Way and started the regular
operation; the regular passenger trains for the first time went
by rails all the way, without using of any ferries.
The cost of Transsib construction between 1891 to 1913 was 1 455
413 000 roubles.
Contemporary route of Transsib.
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Since
1956 Transsib route is: Moscow-Yaroslavskaya - Yaroslavl-Main
- Danilov - Bui - Shar'ya - Kirov - Balezino - Perm-2 - Sverdlovsk-Passenger
(Yekaterinburg) - Tyumen - Nazyvaevskaya - Omsk-Passenger -
Barabinsk - Novosibirsk-Main - Mariinsk - Achinsk-1 - Krasnoyarsk
- Ilanskaya - Taishet - Nizhneudinsk - Zima - Irkutsk-Passenger
- Slyudyanka-1 - Ulan-Ude - Petrovskiy Zavod - Chita-2 - Karymskaya
- Chernyshevsk-Zabaikalskiy - Mogocha - Skovorodino - |
Belogorsk
- Arkhara - Khabarovsk-1 - Vyazemskaya - Ruzhino - Ussuriisk
- Vladivostok. This is the main passenger route of Transsib.
It was established in the beginning of the thirties when regular
operation of Chinese Eastern line became impossible due to
the war-political causes and South Uralian way was too overloaded
because of the USSR industrialization that began at that moment.
Until
1949 in Baikal area the main way of Transsib passed by Circum-Baikal
railway: via Irkutsk - along Angara river - Baikal station
- along Baikal shore - to Slyudyanka station; in 1949-56 two
routes functioned: old one along Baikal shore and new mountain
pass one. Moreover passing route first was built in 1-track
version (1941-1948) but it became 2-tracks by 1957.
Since June 10, 2001, with the new summer shedule, almost all
long-distance Trans-Siberian trains went by new route via
Vladimir - Gorky with way out to "classical way"
in Kotelnich. This way allows trains to go with higher speed. |
Historical route of Transsib.
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Up
to the revolution in 1917 and for some time after (until the
end of the 1920th) main route of Great Siberian Way went:
From Moscow, since 1903: via Ryazan - Ryazhsk - Penza - Syzran
- Samara - Ufa - Chelyabinsk - Kurgan - Petropavlovsk - Omsk
- Krasnoyarsk - Irkutsk - Baikal - Mysovaya - Verkhneudinsk
- Chita - Manchuria - Kharbin - Grodekovo - to Vladivostok.
But for the short time period (1897 - 1900) the trains from
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Moscow
passed via Tula - Uzlovaya - Ryazhsk and after by the route
given above.
From
St-Petersburg, since 1906: via Cherepovets - Vologda - Bui
- Shar'ya - Vyatka - Perm - Nizhniy Tagil - Yekaterinburg
- Kyshtym - Chelyabinsk - Omsk, further on to Vladivostok.
In 1909 this way was squared up - from Perm to Yekaterinburg
shorter railway via Kungur was built and from October 1913
trains from the empire capital passed by shorter way - from
Yekaterinburg via Tyumen to Omsk.
Up to April 1905 also South Manchurian line from Harbin via
Changchun to port Dalni and marine fortress Port-Arthur belonged
to Russia. |
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